Le verbe tohave(avoir) est l'un des verbes les plus utilisés en anglais ! C'est aussi un verbe irrégulier, il est donc important de bien savoir comment il se conjugue et quand il s'emploie. Dans cet article, nous allons revoir certaines des conjugaisons les plus courantes de to have et voir dans quels contextes il s'utilise. Let's have atit!(Allons-y !)
Questions auxquelles répond cet article
Comment se conjugue le verbe to have ?
Comment se contracte le verbe to have ?
Qu'est-ce qu'un auxiliaire en anglais ?
Conjugaisons du verbe to have
Commençons par voir les conjugaisons de quelques temps simples et composés couramment utilisés avec tohave(avoir).
Temps simples
Dans le tableau ci-dessous, vous trouverez les conjugaisons de have au present(présent) et au simplepast(prétérit).
Sujet
Présent
Prétérit
I
have
had
you
have
had
he, she, it
has
had
we
have
had
you (all)
have
had
they
have
had
Présent
I
have
you
have
he, she, it
has
we
have
you (all)
have
they
have
Prétérit
I
had
you
had
he, she, it
had
we
had
you (all)
had
they
had
Temps composés
Le tableau suivant indique les conjugaisons de to have au simplefuture(futur simple), au nearfuture(futur proche), au presentprogressive(présent progressif), au presentperfect(present perfect) et au presentconditional(conditionnel présent).
Sujet
Futur simple
Futur proche
Présent progressif
Present perfect
Conditionnel présent
I
will have
am going to have
am having
have had
would have
you
will have
are going to have
are having
have had
would have
he, she, it
will have
is going to have
is having
has had
would have
we
will have
are going to have
are having
have had
would have
you (all)
will have
are going to have
are having
have had
would have
they
will have
are going to have
are having
have had
would have
Futur simple
I
will have
you
will have
he, she, it
will have
we
will have
you (all)
will have
they
will have
Futur proche
I
am going to have
you
are going to have
he, she, it
is going to have
we
are going to have
you (all)
are going to have
they
are going to have
Présent progressif
I
am having
you
are having
he, she, it
is having
we
are having
you (all)
are having
they
are having
Present perfect
I
have had
you
have had
he, she, it
has had
we
have had
you (all)
have had
they
have had
Conditionnel présent
I
would have
you
would have
he, she, it
would have
we
would have
you (all)
would have
they
would have
Usages courants de to have
To have s'emploie généralement pour parler de la possession, des caractéristiques physiques, des rendez-vous, et pour commander au restaurant.
1. La possession
On utilise to have pour parler de ce que l'on possède ou de ce qui est à soi, y compris les enfants et les animaux de compagnie.
exemples
I have three dogs.
J'ai trois chiens.
My sister has two kids.
Ma sœur a deux enfants.
We have a new couch.
Nous avons un nouveau canapé.
2. Les caractéristiques physiques
To have s'emploie aussi pour parler des caractéristiques physiques.
exemples
Mary and Sally have green eyes.
Mary et Sally ont les yeux verts.
My sister has long hair.
Ma sœur a les cheveux longs.
Tom has a mustache and a tattoo of a bear.
Tom a une moustache et un tatouage d'ours.
3. Les rendez-vous
To have sert à parler des rendez-vous et des obligations.
exemples
I have a doctor's appointment on Tuesday.
J'ai un rendez-vous chez le médecin mardi.
She has class now.
Elle a cours maintenant.
We have a meeting at noon.
Nous avons une réunion à midi.
4. Les commandes au restaurant
Il est très courant d'utiliser to have au futur pour commander au restaurant.
exemples
I'll have a sandwich and a glass of water.
Je voudrais un sandwich et un verre d'eau.
She'll have a small salad.
Elle voudrait une petite salade.
We'll have the soup of the day.
On voudrait la soupe du jour.
To have comme auxiliaire
To have est utilisé comme auxiliaire aux temps composés. Le tableau ci-dessous présente les temps composés les plus courants (present perfect, past perfect et future perfect) pour le verbe togo(aller).
Sujet
Present perfect
Past perfect
Future perfect
I
have gone
had gone
will have gone
you
have gone
had gone
will have gone
he, she, it
has gone
had gone
will have gone
we
have gone
had gone
will have gone
you (all)
have gone
had gone
will have gone
they
have gone
had gone
will have gone
Present perfect
I
have gone
you
have gone
he, she, it
has gone
we
have gone
you (all)
have gone
they
have gone
Past perfect
I
had gone
you
had gone
he, she, it
had gone
we
had gone
you (all)
had gone
they
had gone
Future perfect
I
will have gone
you
will have gone
he, she, it
will have gone
we
will have gone
you (all)
will have gone
they
will have gone
exemples
I have gone to that park.
Je suis allé dans ce parc.
I had gone to his house many times.
J'étais allé plusieurs fois chez lui.
I will have gone to the bookstore several times before the semester ends.
Je serai allé plusieurs fois à la librairie avant la fin du semestre.
Les contractions
Il est très courant d'utiliser des contractions avec to have en anglais lorsque to have est un auxiliaire.
Contractions avec to haveen anglais en tant qu'auxiliaire
Sans contraction
Avec la contraction
Traduction
I have beenthere.
I've beenthere.
J'y suis allé.
You have readthis.
You've readthis.
Tu as lu ça.
He has triedit.
He's triedit.
Il a essayé.
Bravo ! Vous en savez désormais beaucoup sur le verbe to have, ses usages et ses conjugaisons. You have done a great job!(Vous avez fait du très bon travail !)
Vous souhaitez en apprendre davantage sur la grammaire anglaise ? Voici quelques articles qui pourraient vous être utiles.
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